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Best Neurologist in Vasai & Virar Dr. Siddharth Deepak KharkarMBBS, MD (Neurology, USA), MHSRecognized as one of theBest Neurologists in MumbaiBy India Today magazine (2020, 2021) & Outlook India Magazine (2020).Best Neurologist in Vasai & VirarEpilepsy Specialist in Vasai & VirarParkinson’s Disease Specialist in Vasai & VirarCall  –  727-624-9168Dr. Siddharth Kharkar has been recognized as one of the best neurologists in Mumbai by Outlook India magazine and India today Magazine.Dr. Kharkar is a USA board certified (American Board of Psychiatry & Neurology certified) Neurologist. He has trained in the best institutions in India, US and UK including KEM hospital in Mumbai, Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), USA & Kings College in London.Dr. Siddharth Kharkar was part of the Epilepsy faculty at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, USA.Currently, Dr. Siddharth Kharkar is a General Neurologist, Epilepsy specialist (Seizure specialist) & Parkinson’s specialist practicing in Mumbai, India.He is also one of the current International coordinators of the Non-Motor Parkinson’s disease study Group (International Parkinson’s and Movement Disorder Society). Please click one location Nanavati Hospital (Mumbai)Thane & nearby areasVasai-Virar & nearby areasNeuro+ Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar2nd floor, Thakur Arcade, Viva Super Market, Gaothan, Virar West, Virar, Maharashtra 401303Call  –  727-624-9168neuroplusclinic@gmail.com Dr. Siddharth Kharkar is one of the Best Neurologist in Vasai & Virar. He is one of the Epilepsy Specialists in Vasai & Virar and one of the best Parkinson’s specialists in Vasai & Virar. NeuroPlus provides compassionate expert clinical treatment for all neurological disorders, especially for Epilepsy (seizures) & Parkinson’s disease. The following conditions are treated by Dr. Siddharth Kharkar: Treatment of Epilepsy / Seizures Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease / Tremor Treatment of  Headache / Migraine Treatment of Memory loss / Dementia Treatment of Paralysis / Stroke Treatment of Dizziness / Vertigo Slowness or Unsteadiness during walking Pain or weakness in any part of the body. Because of his background, Dr. Kharkar is able to provide the best neurology treatment, tertiary-level therapy for Epilepsy (seizure) and Parkinson’s patients in Vasai & Virar. For a selected group of patients, Epilepsy surgery in Vasai & Virar can be offered. This can be life-changing and can enable many patients to have a normal productive life. Dr. Kharkar is very particular about the treatment of Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease such as depression, agitation, constipation and balance. Neuroplus clinic provides one of the best treatments for Epilepsy in Vasai & Virar. Epilepsy surgery by best neurologist in Vasai & Virar is provided by NeuroPlus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic. EEG, and Video EEG monitoring can be arranged. Excellent treatment for Parkinson’s disease in Vasai & Virar is provided.  Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery in Vasai & Virar is also provided. Frequently asked questions: Which is the nearest Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar to this location? The nearest clinic to your location is at the following address:2nd floor, Thakur Arcade,Viva Super Market, Gaothan,Virar West, Virar,Maharashtra 401303 Click here for the location on google maps. How do I get to Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai? The clinic is located right next to the railway station. Get off the train and go to Virar(WEST). The clinic is located in the building adjoining the Virar railway station. The name of the building is Thakur Arcade. Please go to the second floor where you will be greeted by the receptionist. If you are located in some other part, you can take a rickshaw. You can also drive to this location – however, parking is a bit difficult since it is very close to the railway station (See below). If you are coming by car for example, here are some driving directions: Vasai-VirarMaharashtra Continue to Ambadi Rd/Vasai Rd/Vasai Flyover5 min (1.2 km) Take Tarkhad Rd/Vasai-Gass Rd, Gass Rd and Bolinj-Sopara Rd to Agashi Rd/Raja Chatrapati Shivaji Marg/Station Rd in Gokul Township, Virar34 min (12.8 km) Follow Agashi Rd/Raja Chatrapati Shivaji Marg/Station Rd to Gaothan Rd4 min (900 m)NeuroPlus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar2nd floor, Thakur Arcade, Viva Super Market, Gaothan, Virar West, Virar, Maharashtra 401303 OR Vasai-VirarMaharashtra Continue to Ambadi Rd/Vasai Rd/Vasai Flyover5 min (1.2 km) Continue on Ambadi Rd/Vasai Rd. Drive from Vasant Nagari Rd, Achole Rd, Central Park Rd and Virar – Nala Sopara Link Rd to Vartak Ward, Virar34 min (11.6 km) Drive to Gaothan Rd4 min (800 m)NeuroPlus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar2nd floor, Thakur Arcade, Viva Super Market, Gaothan, Virar West, Virar, Maharashtra 401303 Directions to best neurologist in Vasai – Virar Map of Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai Is Parking available at Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai? Since the clinic is close to the railway station parking for 4 wheelers is not available directly on the premises. However, just behind the building there is a road which is walking distance and can be used for Parking. Please note that even in this area parking may or may not be full, and the clinic staff cannot take responsibility for common public areas. Click here for the location on google maps. Parking is always available in the Virat Nagar area, which is a 10 minute walk away. Our advise would be to drop the patient off at the building using the main road, and then park your car in one of these areas. Is an elevator available at Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai? Yes. The OPD is located on the second floor, but a lift is available. Are wheelchairs available at Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai? Yes. You can ask the attendant at the clinic for a wheelchair and then keep this wheelchair with you during the duration of the visit. All locations are wheelchair-accessible. What are the Fees for the Neuroplus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic – Dr. Kharkar near Vasai? The fees are as follows: – Rs. 1500 for new patients– Rs. 900 for follow-up patients Follow-up after an

This is an article from the Safe Pregnancy in Epilepsy patient guide. In some people, Epilepsy may be hereditary.  But even if you have epilepsy, the chance that your child will have epilepsy is 5% or lower. Epilepsy is inherited through abnormal epilepsy genes. These epilepsy genes may be dominant or recessive (explained below). So transmission of epilepsy can be dominant or recessive. Genetic testing for epilepsy before pregnancy may be useful in the future. At present, genetic testing for epilepsy is rarely useful. Hello! I am Dr Siddharth Kharkar, a Neurologist in Thane, India and a Neurologist in Mumbai, India. I provide Parkinson’s treatment in India and am an Epilepsy specialist in India. I provide Epilepsy surgery in India at Mumbai & Parkinson’s surgery in India. Come, let’s learn together about this important topic. Is Epilepsy a hereditary disease? The word hereditary means passed on from Parents to Children. People with Epilepsy can have abnormal genes. If you have epilepsy, some of your genes may be abnormal. These genes may be passed on to your children. So, Epilepsy can be an inherited disease. Parents pass on their DNA to their children. How commonly is Epilepsy inherited? Most children of patients with Epilepsy do not develop Epilepsy. It is unlikely that your child will have Epilepsy, even if you have Epilepsy. Overall about 1% of babies are born with epilepsy. If you have epilepsy, the chance increases but only slightly. About 5% of babies born to a parent with epilepsy will have epilepsy. Overall, the chance that you will transmit epilepsy to your child is small. For example:One Italian study looked at more than 10,000 people with Epilepsy. Only 2.5% of close relatives (parents, siblings, children) of these patients had epilepsy. Therefore, in most cases the answer to the question “Is epilepsy a hereditary disease” is NO, epilepsy is not a hereditary disease. The risk of your children getting Epilepsy is higher if: You have one of the “Dominant” genes mentioned below. You have an Epilepsy syndrome with only generalized seizures, e.g. JME. Let us know more how epilepsy is inherited. How is Epilepsy inherited? Epilepsy is inherited through abnormal genes. Epilepsy genes are present in some people with epilepsy. Many people with epilepsy do not have abnormal epilepsy genes. Many people have epilepsy due to causes such as old strokes or head trauma. These people cannot pass on epilepsy to their children. In these cases, it is incorrect to say that epilepsy is hereditary. A stroke is caused by a blood clot in the brain. It can cause seizures. This form of epilepsy is not hereditary. Even if you have an abnormal epilepsy gene, it is very unlikely that your children will have epilepsy. Epilepsy genes can be Recessive or dominant. They can have incomplete penetrance. So, even if you have an abnormal epilepsy gene, it may be incorrect to say that epilepsy is hereditary. Let us know more about the terms recessive genes, dominant genes and incomplete penetrace. What are “Recessive” genes? Let us assume that you have some abnormal genes. Still, it is unlikely that your child will have epilepsy. Why is it so? It is because your child will receive two sets of genes. One set from you and another from your partner. The egg has 23 chromosomes. The sperm has 23. They combine, and the baby gets 46 chromosomes! Even if one of these sets is normal, the child will not have Epilepsy. The normal genes prevent the harmful effect of abnormal genes. These abnormal genes are called “Recessive”. Luckily, many of the genes causing Epilepsy are Recessive. So, even though epilepsy is a hereditary disease if you have recessive genes – very few members of the family actually develop epilepsy. What are “Dominant” genes? Some genes are “Dominant” in nature. This means that even if only one set of genes is faulty, the child can develop Epilepsy. If you want, you can click on the plus sign below. You will see the known Dominant genes causing Epilepsy. This table seems large! But very few people have these genes. Most people have “recessive” epilepsy genes. Dominant Epilepsy genes Abnormal Gene Mechanism: Which channel is affected Epilepsy Syndrome that it produces KCNQ2, 3 Abnormal Potassium channels on cells Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions SCN2A Abnormal Sodium channels Benign Familial Neonatal-Infantile Seizures SCN1A, 2A, 2B, GABRG2 Same as above Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+) SCN1A Same as above Dravet Syndrome GABRA1, EFHC1, CACNB3, CLCN2 & others Abnormal Chloride/Calcium channels Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) TSC – 1&2 Unknown Tuberous Sclerosis CHRNA – 2,4, B2, KCNT1 Acetylcholine receptors / Potassium channels Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (ADNFLE) LG11 Abnormal Potassium Channels Autosomal Dominant Epilepsy with Auditory features (ADEAF) Unknown (?GABRG2) Unknown Familial Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (FMTLE) DEPDC5 Abnormal signalling pathways inside cells Familial Focal Epilepsy with Variable Foci (FEVF) *Non-italic = These genes may produce both focal or primary generalized epilepsy. Italic = produce only focal epilepsy. Abnormal Gene Mechanism: Which channel is affected Epilepsy Syndrome that it produces KCNQ2, 3 Abnormal Potassium channels on cells Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions SCN2A Abnormal Sodium channels Benign Familial Neonatal-Infantile Seizures SCN1A, 2A, 2B, GABRG2 Same as above Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+) SCN1A Same as above Dravet Syndrome GABRA1, EFHC1, CACNB3, CLCN2 & others Abnormal Chloride/Calcium channels Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) TSC – 1&2 Unknown Tuberous Sclerosis CHRNA – 2,4, B2, KCNT1 Acetylcholine receptors / Potassium channels Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (ADNFLE) LG11 Abnormal Potassium Channels Autosomal Dominant Epilepsy with Auditory features (ADEAF) Unknown (?GABRG2) Unknown Familial Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (FMTLE) DEPDC5 Abnormal signalling pathways inside cells Familial Focal Epilepsy with Variable Foci (FEVF) *Non-italic = These genes may produce both focal or primary generalized epilepsy. Italic = produce only focal epilepsy. So, epilepsy is more likely to affect your family members (including children) if you have a dominant epilepsy gene. But even that is not a 100% certainty. If I have a Dominant epilepsy gene, will my child have Epilepsy? Even if you have a “Dominant” epilepsy gene, your child may not have Epilepsy. Sometimes abnormal genes do not cause an abnormal effect, even if they are dominant. “Incomplete penetrance”

This concise information about the cause of epilepsy, diagnosis and treatment is from a handout that I give to my clinic patients. I hope it helps you. You can download the original PDF by clicking here: [Epilepsy Patient Information Handout]. Its free for use and distribution. For more extensive information, you can read the complete Epilepsy Patient Guide. What does Electricity Do Inside the Brain? Each part of our brain communicates with other parts using electric currents. These electric currents are strictly regulated. For example, when you want to move a small current is sent to the brain area that controls the hand. So, your hand only moves when you want it to move. What is A Seizure? Sometimes, a small part of the brain starts producing too much electric current. When there is too much electric current, abnormal things start happening. For example, your hand may start shaking without reason. Or you may become unresponsive. This is a “small seizure”. Later, this abnormal current can spread. It can involve the entire brain. At this stage the entire body starts shaking violently. This is a “Big seizure”. What should I do if someone has a seizure? The most important thing is to avoid injury. Be calm Move hard furniture away from the person. Prevent the head from hitting the ground. Turn the person to one side. If he/she vomits, the vomit should fall to the ground. Do not put anything inside the mouth. It can go into the lungs. Wait. The seizure should get over in 1-2 minutes. After the seizure is completely over, clean the mouth with your finger. Wait for the patient to wake up. Do not give any water or food until completely awake. What is a Seizure called in India? A seizure has many different names: आकड़ी–Akdi (Marathi) ऐपिलेप्सी– Mirgi (Hindi) ખેંચ – Khench (Gujurati) फिट – Fit (Many languages) What is Epilepsy? A seizure is one event. If the person has a tendency to have seizures again and again, then he is said to have Epilepsy. So, you can say that “A person with Epilepsy has Seizures”. There is no matching word for “Epilepsy” in the Indian languages. When can you say That Someone has Epilepsy? The first way is very simple to understand. If a person actually has seizures again and again, then he has Epilepsy (a tendency to have seizures). Which tests can be used to TEST if a person has Epilepsy? Two tests are commonly done: MRI – This can show abnormal spots in the brain.A “3 Tesla (3T)” MRI can show very small abnormalities. But even a 3T MRI does not show very minute abnormalities. This means the abnormal parts are too small to be seen even with the best MRI. EEG – This can show electrical sparks. If the electrical sparks only occur sometimes, the EEG may be normal. Long EEGs can detect sparks more easily. I may ask you to do a very long EEG (4 hours) & sleep less before the test (4 hours only) so that we are able to detect sparks. If the MRI or EEG are abnormal, there is a chance the patient may have more seizures (Epilepsy). Why is the MRI & EEG sometimes normal? If the MRI is normal, its actually good news! It means the abnormality is so small that it is not seen on the MRI. 7 Tesla (7T) MRIs in the USA may be able to show even smaller abnormalities. Even long EEGs may not detect sparks that occur very rarely. Also, an EEG cannot detect sparks that occur deep inside the brain. What is EEG Monitoring? EEG Monitoring is an EEG that is done for 1 or more days. Usually it is done in a hospital, so that a video recording and ECG can be done as well. Not all patients need EEG monitoring. But in some patients it is very helpful: EEG monitoring can find a different reason for your attacks such as excessive stress or heart problems. It determines the kind of seizures you have (e.g. focal versus generalized), so that the correct medications can be selected. EEG monitoring quantifies seizure activity. For example, if you (or your child’s) EEG is very active at night, steroids may need to be given to prevent brain damage. It identifies the bad part of the brain. If medications are not effective, this bad part can be removed (Epilepsy Surgery). Can Medications Control Seizures? There are more than 30 anti-seizure medications. Your symptoms, life-style, the MRI and EEG help us to choose the right medications. Sometimes, EEG monitoring may be needed to choose the right medications. After the right medications are given, about 70-80% of patients stop having seizures. Is there a Medication that cures Epilepsy Permanently? There is no medication that cures Epilepsy permanently. But don’t be disappointed. I wear spectacles. I cannot see clearly without them! I didn’t like them at first but now I am not disturbed by my need to wear spectacles. Many patients need daily medications for high cholesterol or high blood pressure. They are not disturbed by the need to take medications. In the same way, most people with epilepsy feel better when they take their medications. Perhaps, it would help you to think of them as spectacles or routine tablets. Epilepsy or the tablets are not your life. Your life is much more wonderful than Epilepsy! Can the brain learn to control itself and stop having seizures? Sometimes, the brain heals itself. It stops having seizures. We don’t know why this happens. The chances of this happening depends on the type of Epilepsy. For example, patients with a kind of epilepsy called JME frequently need long-term medications. This “self-healing” is more likely to happen for other epilepsies such as Focal Epilepsy. Therefore, if you have focal epilepsy AND have absolutely no seizures for 3 years, your doctor may advise reducing or stopping medications. 50% of patients with Focal Epilepsy do not have seizures after this point. The chances of “self-healing” is very high for Epilepsy types such

IMA virar Newsletter Seizures – 6 things to know How do we maintain our balance? Seizures happen due to uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain. This uncontrolled electrical activity explodes, lasts for about 1 minute and then stops. The brain is stunned by this electrical jolt from the blue! Seizures can involve only one part of the brain. They usually cause this part of the brain to become hyperactive. So for example – if the seizure involves the part of the brain that handles smell, you can get a bad smell. If the seizure involves the part of the brain that “sees”, you may have visual hallucinations. Some people get the feeling of floating outside their body (autoscopy). Some may hear songs they had forgotten long ago… and so on. Case 1: Recently I saw a patient who had recurrent attacks of dizziness. These usually happened at night, were very short (about 1 minute), and terrified the patient. Many doctors had diagnosed her as having  a psychiatric problem. A very well-meaning neurologist thought they could be seizures and sent her to me. After listening to the patient, we discussed that these could be seizures. Now, she is much better on standard anti-seizure medications. Tip: Consider seizures in any patient who reports episodic stereotyped symptoms. Sometimes, the uncontrolled electrical activity spreads all over the brain. Then, you get dramatic symptoms. The person loses consciousness. His/her entire body first stiffens up (the tonic phase) after which it starts jerking (the clonic phase). Do these two phases always happen? Not at all! Often, the tonic phase is very short or absent. The person only has repetitive jerking during the seizure (a clonic seizure). Some children have purely tonic seizures. Their entire body suddenly stiffens up while walking and they fall down. So how do you recognize a seizure? Remember: “A seizure is a sudden burst of uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, which usually produces clinical symptoms.” Epilepsy is the tendency to have recurrent unprovoked seizures. Some patients with seizures (e.g. alcoholics) may not have Epilepsy. But that is a conversation for another day… 2. Other conditions can produce the same symptoms Many conditions can cause similar symptoms. Lets forget the uncommon conditions (e.g. Narcolepsy) & talk about 2 common conditions: Syncope (including Cardiac Arrhythmia) & Non-Epileptic seizures Syncope: The brain does not get enough blood/oxygen. Hence the patient loses consciousness. For example, this can happen if the patient gets up suddenly (orthostatic hypotension). But a more serious cause is a problem in the pumping of blood – heart problems. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in the elderly. They can cause syncope. If left untreated, they can also cause sudden death. Case 2: A 70 year old started to pass out. He used to suddenly fall to the ground and stiffen up. His eyes closed. After 20 seconds – he would suddenly sit up completely normal, as if he had woken up from the dead! His 2d echo, routine ECG, MRI and EEG were all normal. He was started on anti-seizure medications by the neurologist. When he started taking Lacosamide, his episode frequency increased. He started having events almost every day. When he came to us, we did video-eeg monitoring. We found that he had intermittent complete heart block. This junctional arrhythmia had become worse because of slow sodium-channel blockade by Lacosamide. He had a pacemaker/defibrillator on the same day and has been episode-free since then. Tip: In an elderly patient with episodic loss of consciousness, try to rule out cardiac arrhythmia before diagnosing seizures. Syncope: The brain does not get enough blood/oxygen. Hence the patient loses consciousness. For example, this can happen if the patient gets up suddenly (orthostatic hypotension). But a more serious cause is a problem in the pumping of blood – heart problems. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in the elderly. They can cause syncope. If left untreated, they can also cause sudden death. Case 2: A 70 year old started to pass out. He used to suddenly fall to the ground and stiffen up. His eyes closed. After 20 seconds – he would suddenly sit up completely normal, as if he had woken up from the dead! His 2d echo, routine ECG, MRI and EEG were all normal. He was started on anti-seizure medications by the neurologist. When he started taking Lacosamide, his episode frequency increased. He started having events almost every day. When he came to us, we did video-eeg monitoring. We found that he had intermittent complete heart block. This junctional arrhythmia had become worse because of slow sodium-channel blockade by Lacosamide. He had a pacemaker/defibrillator on the same day and has been episode-free since then. Tip: In an elderly patient with episodic loss of consciousness, try to rule out cardiac arrhythmia before diagnosing seizures. Non-Epileptic Seizures: These are a problem of the mind, rather than the brain. We used to call them pseudoseizures. But this terminology is incorrect. It underestimates the problem. It makes doctors less sympathetic. A better term is Non-Epileptic Seizures (NES). Non-epileptic seizures (NES) can lead to severe injury, including tongue bite & fractures. They are disabling. A patient with uncontrolled non-epileptic seizures cannot hold a job. Finally, they point to a serious mental health condition. In western studies, 50% of patients with NES have a history of childhood sexual abuse. Case 3:Many patients are quickly diagnosed as “non-epileptic” because of their florid psychiatric history. One woman in particular is very clear in my mind. She was disheveled when she came to my OPD. Her family reported bizarre short events of confusion. Doctors had earlier diagnosed these as non-epileptic seizures. These sometimes happened while the patient was sleeping. With video-EEG, we were able to determine that these were actually epileptic. She is now much better with anti-seizure medications. Tip: Having a mental health problem does not rule out epileptic seizures. Seizures (especially in the frontal lobes) can cause prolonged agitation and antisocial behavior. Some people go to jail because of this behavior. Uncontrolled seizures can lead to severe

Dr. Siddharth Deepak Kharkar MBBS, MD (Neurology, USA), MHSRecognized as one of theBest Neurologists in MumbaiBy India Today magazine (2020, 2021, 2024) & Outlook India Magazine (2020, 2024). Best Epilepsy Treatment in India at Mumbai, including Epilepsy Surgery Dr. Siddharth Kharkar is an internationally trained Epilepsy specialist in Mumbai, India who runs the NeuroPlus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s clinics. He is noted as one of the best Epilepsy doctors in India. He provides the best Epilepsy treatment in India itself, including Epilepsy surgery in India. He is available at Nanavati Hospital in Mumbai, India and in clinics around Mumbai. He finished his MBBS from KEM hospital, MHS from Johns Hopkins University, USA his MD Neurology from Drexel University, USA. He completed his 2-year fellowship in Epilepsy surgery from the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), USA which is one of the centers offering best epilepsy treatment in the world. He was part of the Epilepsy faculty at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) before returning to India. Since then, He has been recognized as one of the best neurologists in Mumbai by India Today & Outlook India magazines. Epilepsy is common and treatment of Epilepsy is possible in almost all cases. As one of the best epilepsy doctors in India, Dr. Siddharth Kharkar conducts medically resistant Epilepsy treatment specialist clinics. This means that many of the patients with Epilepsy who come to this clinic have Epilepsy that is not controlled with medications. This can happen due to many reasons. Misdiagnosis:For example, a patient who is passing out repeatedly may have a cardiac problem, instead of Epilepsy. Problems with heart beat rhythm can be wrongly diagnosed as seizures. Improper characterization of Epilepsy: Epilepsy is of many different types. For the best Epilepsy treatment in India or any other city to be given, the exact type of Epilepsy should be identified. This leads to the correct choice of medications. There are 2 types of seizures: Generalized & Focal. They have different treatments. For example, in a condition called Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, a medication called Clobazam may be the best treatment for seizures. Incomplete explanation given to the patient:  Very often, patients don’t take their medications correctly either because they are disturbed by their diagnosis and want to deny it. Sometimes, they may not understand how exactly to take their medications. The best Epilepsy treatment in India does not end with a mathematical calculation of medication names and dosages. It is very important to explain Epilepsy completely to the patient. This helps in settling emotional turmoil and helps in taking antiepileptic medications regularly. Medically resistant Epilepsy needing Epilepsy surgery in India at Mumbai: In about 20–30% of patients, Epilepsy is not completely controlled by medications. Seizures keep happening even if medications are changed multiple times. In such cases, a different thought process is required. Such cases may require the removal of the diseased part of the brain, the part that is not working and producing seizures. Epilepsy surgery in India removes the diseased part of the brain completely. This stops seizures from being generated. If done correctly, Epilepsy surgery success rates are very high. Best Epilepsy Treatment in India at Mumbai Services The following services are provided at the NeuroPlus clinics at Nanavati Hospital in Mumbai, Thane and Virar: 1. Evaluation & Characterization of Seizures by Epilepsy specialist in India: The best epilepsy treatment in India begins with evaluation of epileptic seizures, including differentiation from other disorders which can mimic seizures including syncope and non-epileptic seizures (psychogenic seizures, PNES) Sub-categorization and identification of pathologies including temporal lobe epilepsy, occipital lobe epilepsy, focal cortical dysplasia, hippocampal sclerosis or mesial temporal sclerosis etc. Seizures frequently arise from the temporal lobe Characterization of seizures, with Video EEG monitoring in Mumbai if needed. Defining the Epilepsy syndrome e.g. Lennox-Gastaut, Panayitopoulos syndrome etc. This helps to provide the best treatment for Epilepsy. 2. Antiepileptic medication adjustment Selecting the first anti-epileptic medication is relatively easy. However, if 2 or more anti-epileptic medications need to be given for seizures, a number of things need to be kept in mind to ensure the best treatment for Epilepsy. Some of the medication adjustments needed are as follows. When 2 or more medications needs to be taken together, it needs to be done with a lot of care to ensure the best treatment for Epilepsy. A major part of providing the best epilepsy treatment in India is to make sure that all anti-epileptic medications given are appropriate for the type of epilepsy. Next, the best epilepsy treatment in India is only possible by making sure that the anti-epileptic medications don’t interact with one another. For example, if someone is taking both phenobarbitone and lamotrigine, the lamotrigine becomes ineffective. And finally, the best epilepsy treatment in India includes making sure that the anti-epileptic medications don’t interact with other medications that the patient is taking. 4. Video EEG in Mumbai In certain cases, the patient may be admitted and continuous video EEG monitoring (also called Epilepsy monitoring) is done. Video EEG monitoring is done inside the hospital. The EEG is recorded 24 hours a day. Long term Video-EEG monitoring is done for the following reasons: When the diagnosis of Epilepsy is in doubt. When the type of Epilepsy is not clear. When the anti-epileptic medications need to be changed rapidly. When the EEG background needs to be studied closely, especially during sleep. When the patient is not responding to medications – to plan Epilepsy surgery. How long does the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit admission or video EEG monitoring in Mumbai, India take? Ideally, all types of events that you are having should be recorded. Ideally, we try to record 2-3 events of each type. The duration of monitoring depends on seizure frequency. Here is an approximate guide: Seizure Frequency Duration of stay Daily 1 – 3 days 3 to 6 days in a week 3 – 5 days 2 to 3 days in a week 5 – 7 days 1 week or less Variable 3. Epilepsy surgery in Mumbai, India Epilepsy surgery for Epilepsy treatment in India is done only in cases which

In 2024, Epilepsy surgery cost in India is between Rs. 2 Lakh and Rs. 15 lakhs (USD 2500 to USD 18,000). This includes the cost of evaluation and of the surgery itself. This article’s purpose is to educate patients so that they can properly plan their finances. It is critical to know that Epilepsy surgery can be affordable in most cases. Anticipating Epilepsy surgery cost in India correctly will prevent financial surprises. At the same time, it is useful to know which therapies are very expensive. This will prevent unanticipated financial problems. You need to pay attention to the evaluation cost. Sometimes, the cost of evaluation can be more than the surgery itself. I recommend reading the article, to understand the process. But if you are in a hurry then click here to download the quick sheet [Epilepsy Surgery Cost in India – Calculation sheet]. Why is Epilepsy surgery cost in India variable? Epilepsy surgery cost in India is variable because each person needs different tests & surgeries. To understand this, you need to understand how Epilepsy surgery in India is done. So, How is Epilepsy surgery in India done? You can read the Epilepsy surgery in India article to get a detailed description of the process. The same process is described briefly here. This will help you understand how to calculate the Epilepsy surgery cost in India. The process of Epilepsy surgery involves two steps: Step 1: Evaluation: This is also called Epilepsy surgery evaluation. This is a set of tests. They tell us which is the abnormal part of the brain, what problems could happen if we take it out etc. Step 2: The surgery itself: There are many different types of surgeries. But the two most common surgeries are resective (removal) epilepsy surgery & Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) surgery. To calculate Epilepsy surgery cost in India correctly, the cost of evaluation needs to be taken into account. So, when calculating the epilepsy surgery cost in India, we need to calculate the cost of evaluation + the cost of the surgery itself. Type of room & Foreign nationals The cost can be much higher based on the kind of room that you want. Most of these costs are for general ward admissions. The costs for a single/luxury room can be much higher, depending on the hospital. The cost can be higher for Foreign nationals. In general, most private hospitals charge foreign nationals about 30% more than Indian citizens. Let us first talk about the cost of epilepsy surgery evaluation in India. Step 1: Epilepsy surgery evaluation cost in India Epilepsy surgery evaluation may be simple, complex or extremely complex. The complexity of this evaluation depends on your MRI, EEG and type of seizures. A. Simple Epilepsy surgery evaluation cost in India Epilepsy surgery evaluation starts with a basic set of tests. Some of these tests locate the abnormal brain part producing seizures. The f-MRI scan, psychiatric & Neuropsychological evaluations us understand if we can safely remove this area. High-resolution MRI:The abnormal areas producing seizures can be very small. Therefore, a high-resolution MRI (3 Tesla or 3T MRI) needs to be done. Special methods are used to detect very small abnormalities. These may detect small abnormal areas missed on earlier scans. A 3T MRI using special techniques can detect very small abnormal areas. These areas may not be visible on low resolution MRIs. PET scan & PET-MRI fusion: A PET scan measures which areas of the brain are using less glucose. Usually, the abnormal area and normal areas around it use less glucose. These areas are less bright on PET images. Ideally, the PET scan and the MRI scan should be overlaid over one another (see figure below). This process is called PET-MRI fusion. This is a critical part of the evaluation, without which abnormal areas in the brain may be missed. PET-MRI fusion is a new evaluation technique for Epilepsy surgery. Functional MRI (fMRI) scan: Functional MRI is a special MRI. Functional MRI (fMRI) shows which brain part is processing language, controlling movement etc. Functional MRI helps us to find brain areas controlling language and limb movement. Video EEG monitoring: The patient is admitted to the hospital. Video and EEG are recorded continuously. 2-3 seizures are recorded. Both the video and EEG are carefully studied. Video EEG is very comfortable. Sometimes, patients may get bored because they need to stay in the hospital. Neuropsychological & Psychiatry assessment: A neuropsychologist is a person who measures the functioning of your brain by making you solve simple puzzles, draw objects, remember lists and so on. A psychiatrist helps us to understand your mental health and willingness for surgery. He/she helps to treat any underlying issues such as depression, anxiety etc. Please note that the cost of Video EEG monitoring in India is different for each patient. Each day of Video-EEG monitoring costs about Rs. 30,000 (USD 360) in India. We need to capture 2-3 seizures of each seizure type. This may take just one day or up to 1 week. Let us calculate the cost using 3 days. The approximate cost of these tests in India is as follows: Test Cost in India Cost in India in US dollars 3 Tesla MRI Rs. 12,000 USD 145 PET scan & PET-MRI fusion Rs. 15,000 USD 180 Video-EEG monitoring (3 days) Rs. 30,000 x 3 = Rs. 90,000 USD 360 x 3 = USD 1,080 Functional MRI (fMRI) Rs. 12,000 USD 145 Neuro-psychological & Psychiatry Assessment Rs. 6,000 USD 70 Total cost of simple Epilepsy surgery evaluation in India ~Rs. 1.4 Lakh ~USD 1,700 In the best-case scenario, the results of all of these tests are consistent: MRI-PET shows a single small abnormal brain area Video-EEG recording is consistent (“Concordant”): Uncontrolled electrical storms (seizures) are seen to be starting from the same area. Low risk: Other tests indicate that removal of this abnormal area will not cause severe problems. In this case, you can go directly for surgery. In these simple cases, the small abnormal part of the brain

ನಿಮಗೆ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ ಇದ್ದರೆ, Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಅರ್ಥ) ನೀವು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳಬೇಕು! ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣ, ರೋಗನಿರ್ಣಯ ಮತ್ತು ಉತ್ತಮ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಯನ್ನು ಸರಳ ಪದಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ತಿಳಿಯಿರಿ! ಪ್ರಾಮಾಣಿಕವಾಗಿ ಹೇಳಬೇಕೆಂದರೆ, ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರೂ ಈ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿದಿರಬೇಕು. ಈ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು ಬಹಳಷ್ಟು ವಯಸ್ಸಾದ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಂಡುಬರುತ್ತವೆ, ಆದರೆ ಅವರು ಅದನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಲಕ್ಷಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಇದು ಬೇಸರದ ಸಂಗತಿಯಾಗಿದೆ. Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ (ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಅರ್ಥ) ಎಂದರೆ ಏನು ಎಂದು ನೀವು ನಿಜವಾಗಿಯೂ ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಂಡರೆ, ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಯಾವ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಗಳು ಲಭ್ಯವಿದೆ ಎಂದು ನಿಮಗೆ ತಿಳಿಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಎಂದರೆ ಏನು ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣವಾಗಿ ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ನಾವು ಮೂರು ವಿಷಯಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿದಿರಬೇಕು: 1. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ 3 ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು: ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು 1. ಕೈಕಾಲುಗಳ ನಡುಕ 2. ನಿಧಾನಗತಿಯ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳು , ಉದಾ : ನಿಧಾನಗತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಡೆದಾಡುವುದು 3. ಸ್ನಾಯು ಮತ್ತು ಕೈ ಗಂಟುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಬಿಗಿತ 2. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಎರಡು ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆ ನೀಡಬಹುದು: ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಔಷಧಗಳು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆ (ಡೀಪ್-ಬ್ರೈನ್-ಸ್ಟಿಮ್ಯುಲೇಷನ್ -DBS ಮತ್ತು ಸ್ಟೀಮ್-ಸೆಲ್ ಥೆರಪಿ) 3. ಈ ಎರಡು ಅಂಶಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ, ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣವೇನೆಂಬುದನ್ನು  ನಾವು ತಿಳಿಯುತ್ತೇವೆ. Steps to understand Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ನಾನು ಡಾಕ್ಟರ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾರ್ಥ್ ಖಾರ್ಕರ್, ಥಾಣೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ನರವಿಜ್ಞಾನಿ (Neurologist in Thane). ನಾನು ಮುಂಬೈನಲ್ಲಿ ನ್ಯೂರಾಲಜಿಸ್ಟ್ ಆಗಿಯೂ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇನೆ (Neurologist in Mumbai). ಬನ್ನಿ, ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್‌ನ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಥಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳೋಣ. Tremor of Parkinson’s in Kannada – (ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ನಡುಕ) ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ನಡುಕ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಮೂರು ಮುಖ್ಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು 1. ಕೈಕಾಲುಗಳ ನಡುಕ 2. ನಿಧಾನಗತಿಯ ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳು , ಉದಾ : ನಿಧಾನಗತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಡೆದಾಡುವುದು 3. ಸ್ನಾಯು ಮತ್ತು ಕೈ ಗಂಟುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಬಿಗಿತ ಮೊದಲಿಗೆ, ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕವನ್ನು ಚರ್ಚಿಸೋಣ. 1 . ಕಂಪನ (ಅದರುವಿಕೆ, Tremor) ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಡುಕ ವಿವಿಧ ಕಾರಣಗಳಿಗಾಗಿ ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದು. ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಅಂಶಗಳನ್ನು ವೀಕ್ಷಿಸಲು, ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ. ಆದರೆ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ನಾವು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮಾತ್ರ ಮಾತನಾಡುತ್ತೇವೆ. ನೀವು ಸುಮ್ಮನೆ ಕುಳಿತಿದ್ದರೂ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕ ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದು. ಇದು ಇದರ ವಿಶಿಷ್ಟ ಲಕ್ಷಣವಾಗಿದೆ. ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ, ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕವನ್ನು”rest tremor” ವಿಶ್ರಾಂತಿಯ ನಡುಕ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್‌ನಿಂದ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ಕೈ ನಡುಕದ ಉದಾಹರಣೆಯನ್ನು ನೋಡಲು , ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ವೀಡಿಯೊ ಮೇಲೆ ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e532YW-Zwf0 ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕವು ಕೇವಲ ಕೈ ಮಾತ್ರವಲ್ಲದೆ, ಪಾದಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಅಥವಾ ತಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಸಹ ಉಂಟಾಗಬಹುದು. ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕವನ್ನು ಸಂಬಂಧಿಕರು ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ರೋಗಿಯು ಟಿವಿ ನೋಡುತ್ತಾ ಆರಾಮವಾಗಿ ಕುಳಿತಿದ್ದಾನೆ ಎಂದು ಕಲ್ಪಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಿ. ಆಗ ಅವನ ಮಗ ತಂದೆಯ ಕೈಯಲ್ಲಿ ಉಂಟಾಗುತ್ತಿರುವ ಕಂಪನವನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ ಹೀಗೆ ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ !: ” ಅಪ್ಪಾ !! ನಿಮ್ಮ ಕೈ ಏಕೆ ನಡುಗುತ್ತಿದೆ? “ ಈ ರೀತಿಯ ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ನನ್ನ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾಲಯಕ್ಕೆ ಬಂದ ರೋಗಿಗಳು ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಇದನ್ನೇ “ವಿಶ್ರಾಂತಿ ನಡುಕ” ಎನ್ನುತ್ತಾರೆ ಮತ್ತು ಈ ನಡುಕವೇ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕ. ಕೆಳಗಿನ ವೀಡಿಯೊದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನಡುಕದ ಮತ್ತೊಂದು ಉದಾಹರಣೆಯನ್ನು ನೀವು ಕಾಣಬಹುದು. ವಿಡಿಯೋದಲ್ಲಿನ ಈ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ನಡುಗುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾನೆ. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZZ4Vf3HinA Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥ) ದಲ್ಲಿ ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವ ಮೊದಲ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆ ಏನೆಂದರೆ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನ ನಡುಕವನ್ನು ಹೇಗೆ ಗುರುತಿಸುವುದು ? Symptoms of Parkinson’s in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು – ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ರೋಗ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು ನಡುಕದ ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ನ ಇತರ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿದಿರುವುದು ಬಹಳ ಅವಶ್ಯಕ, ಅವು ಯಾವುದೆಂದರೆ: 2. ನಿಧಾನತೆ (ಬ್ರಾಡಿ-ಕಿನೇಶಿಯಾ, Bradykinesia): ರೋಗಿಯ ಚಲನೆಯು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಜಡವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಸಂಬಂಧಿಕರು ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಅದನ್ನು ತಪ್ಪಾಗಿ ಅರ್ಥೈಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಕುಟುಂಬದ ಸದಸ್ಯರು ನನ್ನ ಬಳಿಗೆ ಬಂದು, ಹೀಗೆ ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ: ” ನನ್ನ ಅಮ್ಮ ಈಗ ತುಂಬಾ ಸೋಮಾರಿಯಾಗಿದ್ದಾಳೆ! ಒಂದೇ ಜಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ ಇಡೀ ದಿನ ಕುಳಿತುಕೊಂಡು ಇರ್ತಾರೆ!! “ ಇದು ಖಂಡಿತವಾಗಿಯೂ ಸೋಮಾರಿತನವಲ್ಲ. ಇದು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ರೋಗ ಲಕ್ಷಣವಾಗಿದೆ. ಈ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣವನ್ನು ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ  “ಬ್ರಾಡಿ-ಕಿನೇಶಿಯಾ” ಅಥವಾ ನಿಧಾನತೆ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ನಡೆಯುವಾಗ, ಬಲ ಅಥವಾ ಎಡಕ್ಕೆ ತಿರುಗಿದಾಗ ಇವರು ಸ್ತಬ್ಧರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ತರುವಾಯ ಮುನ್ನಡೆಯಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಈ ರೀತಿಯ ನಡಿಗೆ ಎಷ್ಟು ಕಷ್ಟಕರವಾಗಿದೆ ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ನೋಡಲು ಈ ವೀಡಿಯೊವನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFLC9C-xH8E3. ಬಿಗಿತ (ಗಟ್ಟಿತನ, Rigidity) ರೋಗಿಯ ಕೈಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಪಾದಗಳು ಗಟ್ಟಿಯಾಗಲು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಅವು ಎಷ್ಟು ಗಟ್ಟಿಯಾಗುತ್ತವೆ ಎಂದರೆ ಅವುಗಳನ್ನು ಚಲಿಸುವುದು ಸವಾಲಿನ ಸಂಗತಿಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ, ರೋಗಿಯು ಬಿಗಿತದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತನ್ನದೇ ಆದ ಅಭಿಪ್ರಾಯಗಳನ್ನು ವ್ಯಕ್ತಪಡಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಆಗಾಗ್ಗೆ, ರೋಗಿಗಳು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ: ” ವೈದ್ಯರೇ, ಈ ಕೈ ಮತ್ತು ಕಾಲು ಎರಡೂ ತುಂಬಾ ಭಾರವಾಗಿರುವಂತೆ ಅನಿಸುತ್ತಿದೆ. ನಡೆಯುವಾಗ ಪಾದಗಳನ್ನು ಎತ್ತಲೂ ಸಹ ಆಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. “ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳನ್ನು ಚರ್ಚಿಸುವಾಗ ಈ ಮೂರು ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಮಹತ್ವದ್ದಾಗಿದೆ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಇನ್ನಷ್ಟು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಬಯಸಿದರೆ ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಣಬಹುದು. [ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು] Cause of Parkinson’s in Kannada – (ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣ) ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಕಾರಣ Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣ ಅಥವಾ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳಲು, ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಹೇಗೆ ಬರುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಅವಶ್ಯಕವಾಗಿದೆ. ಹಾಗಾದರೆ, ಈ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ ಏಕೆ ಬರುತ್ತದೆ? ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣವೇನು? ಎನ್ನುವುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳೋಣ.ನಮ್ಮ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮೂಲಕ ದೇಹದ ಹಲವಾರು ಭಾಗಗಳು ವಿದ್ಯುತ್ ಮತ್ತು ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕಗಳ ಮೂಲಕ ಪರಸ್ಪರ ಸಂವಹನ ನಡೆಸುತ್ತವೆ. ನಮ್ಮ ಮೆದುಳು ಹಿಂಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಶಿಷ್ಟವಾದ ಪ್ರದೇಶವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ಇದನ್ನು (midbrain)   ಮಧ್ಯ ಮೆದುಳು ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಮಧ್ಯ ಮೆದುಳು ಒಂದು ವಿಶಿಷ್ಟವಾದ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕವನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪಾದಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಎಂಬುದು ಈ ವಿಶಿಷ್ಟ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕದ ಹೆಸರಾಗಿದೆ. ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಹೇಳುವುದಾದರೆ, ಮಧ್ಯ ಮೆದುಳಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಉತ್ಪತ್ತಿಯಾಗುವ ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಹಾಲೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಚಲಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಅಲ್ಲಿ, ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಹಾಲೆಗಳನ್ನು ಉತ್ತೇಜಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಕೆಂಪು ಬಣ್ಣದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಭಾಗವನ್ನು ಮಧ್ಯ-ಮೆದುಳು ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಅನ್ನು ತಯಾರಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅದನ್ನು ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಭಾಗಗಳಿಗೆ ಕಳುಹಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಹೀಗೆ, ಮನುಷ್ಯನ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಹಾಲೆಗಳು ಅವನ ನಡಿಗೆಗೆ ಸಹಾಯ ಮಾಡುತ್ತವೆ. ಈ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಭಾಗಗಳು ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಿದಾಗ ಮನುಷ್ಯ ತ್ವರಿತವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸುವ ಸಾಮರ್ಥ್ಯವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತಾನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ಕೈ ಕಾಲುಗಳು ನಡುಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯಿಂದ ಮಧ್ಯ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಕಾರ್ಯಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗೆ ಅಡ್ಡಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಆಗ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಉತ್ಪತ್ತಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಏಕೆ ಸಂಭವಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂಬುದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಭೂಮಿಯ ಮೇಲಿನ ಯಾರಿಗೂ ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟವಾದ ತಿಳುವಳಿಕೆ ಇಲ್ಲ. ಆನುವಂಶಿಕ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳಿಂದಾಗಿ ಕೆಲವು ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಇದು ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದು. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ಬಹುಪಾಲು ಜನರ ಮೇಲೆ ನಡೆದ ಸಂಶೋಧನೆಯ ಹೊರತಾಗಿಯೂ, ಇದು ಹೇಗೆ ಸಂಭವಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂದು ಕಂಡು ಹಿಡಿಯಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ರೋಗಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಮಧ್ಯದ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಸ್ನಾಯುಗಳು ಸಾಯುತ್ತವೆ ಮತ್ತು ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಪ್ರಮಾಣವು ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಪ್ರಮಾಣವು ಸಾಕಷ್ಟು ಇದ್ದಾಗ ಮಾತ್ರ ಮೆದುಳಿನ ಮುಂಭಾಗದ ಭಾಗಗಳು ಸರಿಯಾಗಿ ಕಾರ್ಯನಿರ್ವಹಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಒಂದುವೇಳೆ ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಕೊರತೆ ಉಂಟಾದರೆ, ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ನಿಧಾನವಾಗಿ ಚಲಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ ಮತ್ತು ಅವನ ಕೈ ಅಲುಗಾಡಲು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಅವನ ಇಡೀ ದೇಹವು ಬಿಗಿದಂತೆ ಭಾಸವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಈ ಸ್ಥಿತಿಯನ್ನು ವೈದ್ಯರು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ರೋಗ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥ – ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಅರ್ಥ ಇಲ್ಲಿಯವರೆಗೆ ಹೇಳಿರುವ ವಿಷಯದಿಂದ, Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥ) ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ ಎಂದರೆ ಏನು ಎಂಬುದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ನಿಮಗೆ ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟವಾದ ತಿಳುವಳಿಕೆ ಸಿಕ್ಕಿದೆ. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ,  Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಅರ್ಥವನ್ನು ಇಷ್ಟು ಮಾತ್ರ ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಂಡರೆ ಸಾಕಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. Parkinson’s meaning in Kannada ದಲ್ಲಿ ನಮ್ಮ ಮೂರನೇ ಅಂಶವೇನೆಂದರೆ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿಯುವುದು. ಬನ್ನಿ, ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್‌ಸನ್‌ನ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳೋಣ. ಆದರೆ ಅದಕ್ಕೂ ಮೊದಲು, ಕೆಲವು ಔಷಧಿಗಳು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡಬಹುದು ಎಂದು ನಿಮಗೆ ತಿಳಿದಿದೆಯೇ??? Medications causing Parkinson’s in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗೆ ಕಾರಣವಾಗುವ ಔಷಧಿಗಳು – ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳನ್ನು ಉಂಟುಮಾಡುವ ಔಷಧಗಳು ಕೆಲವು ಔಷಧಿಗಳು ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಅನ್ನು ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡದ ಹಾಗೆ ತಡೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಬ್ಲಾಕರ್ಸ್ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಡೋಪಮೈನ್-ಬ್ಲಾಕರ್‌ಗಳು (ತ್ರಿಕೋನ) ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ (ವೃತ್ತ) ಮೆದುಳಿಗೆ ಸೇರದಂತೆ ತಡೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದೇ ಕಾರಣದಿಂದ ಡೋಪಮೈನ್ ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವುದಿಲ್ಲ ಈ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದರಿಂದ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ತರಹದ ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು ಉಂಟಾಗಬಹುದು. ನೀವು ಈಗಾಗಲೇ ರೋಗವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರೆ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ರೋಗಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು ತ್ವರಿತವಾಗಿ ಉಲ್ಬಣಗೊಳ್ಳಬಹುದು. ಈ ಔಷಧಿಗಳ ಬಳಕೆಯಿಂದ ರೋಗಿಯು ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಬಂದಿದ್ದರೆ, ಅದನ್ನು “ಡ್ರಗ್-ಇಂಡ್ಯೂಸ್ಡ್ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ” ಅಥವಾ “ಔಷಧಿ ಪ್ರೇರಿತ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್” ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯನ್ನು ಉಲ್ಬಣಗೊಳಿಸಬಹುದಾದ ಔಷಧಿಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಇಲ್ಲಿದೆ: ಔಷಧಿಗಳ ಕೆಲಸ ಔಷಧಿಗಳ ಹೆಸರುಗಳು 1. ಸ್ಕಿಜೋಫ್ರೇನಿಯಾದಂತಹ ಮನೋವೈದ್ಯಕೀಯ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಬಳಸಲಾಗುವ ಅನೇಕ ಔಷಧಗಳು ಹಾಲೊಪೆರಿಡಾಲ್, ರಿಸ್ಪೆರಿಡಾಲ್, ಒಲಾಂಜಪೈನ್, ಅರಿಪಿಪ್ರಜೋಲ್, ಟ್ರೈಫ್ಲುಪೆರಾಜಿನ್ ಮತ್ತು ಇನ್ನೂ ಅನೇಕ ಔಷಧಿಗಳು ಲಭ್ಯವಿದೆ. ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಕ್ಲೋಜಪೈನ್ ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ವೆಟ್ಯಾಪೈನ್ ಔಷಧಿಗಳಿಂದ ಯಾವುದೇ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳು ಉಂಟಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. 2. ಮನಸ್ಥಿತಿ ಮತ್ತು ಖಿನ್ನತೆಗೆ ಬಳಸುವ ಕೆಲವು ಔಷಧಿಗಳು ಫ್ಲುಫೆನಾಜಿನ್, ಟ್ರ್ಯಾಂಕ್ವಿಲೈಜರ್, ಲಿಥಿಯಂ 3. ಕೆಲವು ವಾಂತಿ-ನಿರೋಧಕ ಔಷಧಗಳು ಮೆಟೊಕ್ಲೋಪ್ರಮೈಡ್, ಲೆವೊಸಲ್ಪುರೈಡ್, ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಡೊಂಪೆರಿಡೋನ್ 30-40 ಮಿಗ್ರಾಂ / ದಿನ, ಫ್ಲುನರ್ಜಿನ್, ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಸಿನ್ನಾರಿಜಿನ್ 4. ಕೆಲವು ಹೃದಯ ಮತ್ತು ರಕ್ತದೊತ್ತಡದ ಔಷಧಿಗಳು ಅಮಿಯೊಡಾರೊನ್, ಮೀಥೈಲ್-ಡೋಪಾ ಈ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ಪಡೆಯುವ ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬರಲ್ಲೂ ಈ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯು ಉಲ್ಬಣಗೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂದಲ್ಲ , ಅವು ಸಂಭವಿಸಬಹುದು ಇಲ್ಲವೇ ಸಂಭವಿಸದೇ ಇರಬಹುದು. ಅನೇಕ ಜನರು ಅಂತಹ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದಾರೆ, ಆದರೂ ಸಹ ಈ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ನೀಡುವುದು ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯವಾಗಿದೆ. ಆದಾಗ್ಯೂ, ನೀವು ಈಗಾಗಲೇ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ ಹೊಂದಿದ್ದರೆ, ಈ ಔಷಧಿಗಳನ್ನು ತೆಗೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದನ್ನು ತಪ್ಪಿಸಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸಿ. Treatment of Parkinson’s in Kannada ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಾರ್ಕಿನ್ಸನ್ ಕಾಯಿಲೆಯ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆ

Address: Dr Balabhai Nanavati hospital, Swami Vivekananda Rd, near LIC, LIC Colony, Vile Parle, Maharashtra, 400056, India Phone: 727-624-9168Email: neuroplusclinic@gmail.comPrice indication: INR 1200 – 2000 Dr. Siddharth Kharkar MBBS, MD (Neurology, USA), MHS Recognized as one of the best Neurologists in Mumbai by India Today magazine (2020, 2021) & Outlook India Magazine (2020). Good Neurologist in Mumbai Best Epilepsy specialist in Mumbai, India Parkinson’s Disease Specialist in Mumbai Call – 727 – 624 – 9168 Dr. Siddharth Kharkar is one of the best Neurologists in Mumbai. He is one of the Epilepsy Specialists in Mumbai and one of the best Parkinson’s specialists in Mumbai. NeuroPlus provides compassionate expert clinical treatment for all neurological disorders, especially for Epilepsy (seizures) & Parkinson’s disease. The following conditions are treated by Dr. Siddharth Kharkar: Treatment of Epilepsy / Seizures Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease / Tremor Treatment of  Headache / Migraine Treatment of Memory loss / Dementia Treatment of Paralysis / Stroke Treatment of Dizziness / Vertigo Slowness or Unsteadiness during walking Pain or weakness in any part of the body. Because of his background, Dr. Kharkar is able to provide tertiary-level therapy for Epilepsy (seizure) and Parkinson’s patients in Mumbai. For a selected group of patients, Epilepsy surgery in Mumbai can be offered. This can be life-changing and can enable many patients to have a normal productive life. Dr. Kharkar is very particular about the treatment of Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease such as depression, agitation, constipation and balance. Neuroplus clinic provides one of the best treatments for Epilepsy in Mumbai. Epilepsy surgery in Mumbai is provided by NeuroPlus Epilepsy & Parkinson’s Clinic. EEG, and Video EEG monitoring can be arranged. Excellent treatment for Parkinson’s disease in Mumbai is provided.  Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery in Mumbai is also provided. Locations Nanavati Hospital (Mumbai) Thane & Nearby areas Vasai-Virar Experience MBBS – King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India MHS – Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA Research Coordinator, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA Residency in Internal Medicine – Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC, USA Residency in Neurology – Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA Fellowship in Epilepsy – University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), USA Clinical attachment in Movement disorders, Kings College, London, UK Assistant Professor of Epilepsy, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, USA Consultant Neurologist, Wockhardt Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India Consultant Neurologist, Nanavati Hospital, Mumbai India International coordinator for the Non-Motor Parkinson’s disease study Group (International Parkinson’s and Movement Disorder Society). Honors and Awards 2020 – “Top Neurologists in Mumbai” – Outlook India Magazine 2020 – “Best Neurologists in Mumbai” – India Today Magazine 2021 – “Best Neurologists in Mumbai” – India Today Magazine 2011 – Best Resident Research project award – Drexel University, USA 2010 – Selected for the national “Neurology Residents Scholar Program” for epilepsy training, Drexel University, USA 2008 – Humanitarian Resident of the Year award, Drexel University, USA Member of: Indian Academy of Neurology Maharashtra Association of Neurology American Academy of Neurology American Epilepsy Society International Parkinson’s & Movement Disorders Society Invited Reviewer Journal of Parkinson’s disease Epilepsy Research Annals of Neurology Neurosurgery Journal of Neurosurgery Selected publications Kharkar, S., Ellenbogen, J. R., Samuel, M., Rizos, A., Silverdale, M., Chaudhuri, K. R., & Ashkan, K. Changes in Parkinson’s disease sleep symptoms and daytime somnolence after bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. NPJ Parkinson’s Disease, 2018, 4, 16 Kharkar S, Knowlton RD: Magnetoencephalography in the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2014 Dec 30. pii: S1525-5050(14)00648-9 Kharkar S, Rochestie D, Pillai J, Haneef Z: Anti-epileptic Drug Prescription Patterns and Socio-economic status– Seizure. 2014 Apr;23(4):290-4 Show complete list of publications (30+) A. Manuscripts: Kharkar S, Taksande A: Cryptic Cardiac Arrythmia Uncloaked by Anti-epileptic therapy: World Congress of Neurology, Dubai 2019 Kharkar S, Taksande A, Dhamne M: Prinzmetal’s Angina in Myotonic Dystrophy:  World Congress of Neurology, Dubai 2019 Kharkar, S., Ellenbogen, J. R., Samuel, M., Rizos, A., Silverdale, M., Chaudhuri, K. R., & Ashkan, K. Changes in Parkinson’s disease sleep symptoms and daytime somnolence after bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease. NPJ Parkinson’s Disease, 2018, 4, 16 Kharkar S, Knowlton RD: Magnetoencephalography in the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2014 Dec 30. pii: S1525-5050(14)00648-9 Kharkar S, Rochestie D, Pillai J, Haneef Z: Anti-epileptic Drug Prescription Patterns and Socio-economic status– Seizure. 2014 Apr;23(4):290-4 Kharkar S, Venkatesh YS, Grothusen JR, Rojas L, Schwartzman RJ. Skin biopsy in complex regional pain syndrome: case series and literature review. Pain Physician. 2012 May-Jun;15(3):255-66. Kharkar S, Ambady P, Yedatore YV, Schwartzman RJ: Intramuscular Botulinum Toxin A (BtxA) in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Case series and Literature Review – Pain Physician. 2011 May;14(3):311-6. Kharkar S; Hernandez R; Batra S, Metellus P, Hillis A; Williams MA; Rigamonti D. Cognitive Impairment in patients with Idiopathic Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome – Behavioral neurology, 2011 Jan 1;24(2):143-8. Metellus P, Batra S, Kharkar S, Kapoor S, Weiss S, Kleinberg L, Rigamonti D. Fractionated conformal radiotherapy in the management of cavernous sinus Meningiomas: long-term functional outcome and Tumor control at a single institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2010 Nov 1; 78(3):836-43. Kapoor S, Batra S, Carson K, Shuck J, Kharkar S, Gandhi R, Jackson J, Wemmer J, Terezakis S, Shokek O, Kleinberg L, Rigamonti D: Long-Term Outcomes of Vestibular Schwannomas Treated With Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy: An Institutional Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2010 Sep 29 (epub ahead of print). Metellus P, Kapoor S, Kharkar S, Batra S, Jackson JF, Kleinberg L, Miller NR, Rigamonti D. Fractionated Conformal Radiotherapy for Management of Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas: Long-Term Outcomes of Tumor Control and Visual Function at a Single Institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2010 Apr 16 (epub ahead of print). Metellus P, Hsu W, Kharkar S, Kapoor S, Rigamonti D. Percutaneous Placement of Ventriculoatrial Shunt under Ultrasonography Guidance: A Retrospective Study at a Single Institution. Technical note. J Neurosurg 2009 May; 110(5):867-70. Kharkar S, Shuck J, Wang P, Rigamonti D, Williams MA: Radionuclide Shunt Patency Study for Evaluation of Suspected Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt Malfunction in Adults with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery

जर तुम्हाला पार्किंसंस हा आजार असेल, तर मग तुम्हाला Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi (पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ) माहीत असणे गरजेचे आहे! पण, खरे सांगायचे झाल्यास, सर्वांनाच पार्किंसंसची लक्षणे माहीत असली पाहिजेत. अनेक वयस्कर लोकांमध्ये ही लक्षणे असतात, पण या लक्षणांकडे सहसा दुर्लक्ष केले जाते. ही दुःखाची गोष्ट आहे. जेव्हा तुम्हाला Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi (पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ) माहीत होईल, तेव्हा तुम्हाला कळेल की पार्किंसंस रोगावर उपचार शक्य आहे. पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ (Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi) पूर्ण पाने जाणून घेण्या साठी, आपण ह्या गोष्टीं बद्दल शिकूया: पार्किंसंस का अर्थ पूरी तरह समझने के लिए हमे ३ चीज़े जननी होगी: १. पार्किंसंस रोग के ३ मुख्या लक्षण है: पार्किंसंस ची ३ लक्षणं १. हाता – पायाचा कंप २. हळूपणा ३. स्नायू घट्ट होणे २. पार्किंसंस चे २ मुख्य उपचार आहेत : पार्किंसंस ची औषधं पार्किंसंस चे नवीन उपचार (डीप-ब्रेन-स्टिमुलेशन -DBS आणि स्टेम-सेल थेरेपी) ३. ह्या दोन गोष्टी सोडून, आपण पार्किंसंस का होतो, त्याबद्दल पण बोलूया. Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi (पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ) जाण्या साठी ह्या चार गोष्टी समझून घ्या. मी डॉक्टर सिद्धार्थ खारकर, ठाण्यातील न्यूरोलॉजिस्ट (Neurologist in Thane). मी मुंबईत न्यूरोलॉजिस्ट (Neurologist in Mumbai) म्हणूनही काम करतो. मी भारतातील पार्किन्सन्स आणि (Epilepsy specialist in Mumbai) एपिलेप्सी तज्ञ आहे आणि मी भारतात पार्किन्सन्स आणि एपिलेप्सी शस्त्रक्रिया (Epilepsy surgery in India) प्रदान करतो. आता आपण पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ [Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi] समजून घेऊ या. चला, या महत्त्वाच्या गोष्टींबद्दल वाचूया. अपॉइंटमेंट बुक करा कंप, झटके, स्मरणशक्ती कमी होणे किंवा इतर न्यूरोलॉजिकल समस्या जाणवत आहेत का? तज्ज्ञ उपचार उपलब्ध आहेत. Tremor of Parkinson’s disease in Marathi — पार्किंसंस रोगाचे कंप पार्किंसंस रोगाची तीन मुख्य लक्षणे जाणून घेणे आवश्यक आहे. पार्किंसंस ची ३ लक्षणं १. हाता – पायाचा कंप २. हळूपणा ३. स्नायू घट्ट होणे चला, आधी आपण पार्किंसंसच्या कंपांविषयी चर्चा करू या. १. कंप (ट्रेमर, Tremor) हात किंवा पायांमध्ये कंप होण्यामागे कितीतरी कारणे असू शकतात. सर्व कारणे जाणून घेण्यासाठी येथे क्लिक करा. पण, आपण येथे फक्त पार्किंसंसच्या कंपांविषयी चर्चा करणार आहोत. जेव्हा तुम्ही विश्राम करण्यासाठी निवांतपणे बसलेले असता तेव्हादेखील पार्किंसंसमुळे कंपे होतात. हे या रोगाचे खास वैशिष्ट्य आहे. म्हणून पार्किंसंसच्या कंपाला “विश्राम कंप” किंवा इंग्रजीमध्ये “रेस्ट ट्रेमर (rest tremor)” देखील म्हटले जाते. पार्किंसंसमुळे होणारे हातांचे कंप पाहण्यासाठी खाली दिलेला व्हिडिओ पाहा: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e532YW-Zwf0&t=5s पार्किंसंसचे कंप फक्त हातांमध्येच होत नाही, तर पायांमध्ये किंवा डोक्यामध्ये देखील होऊ शकते. पार्किंसंसचे कंप बहुतेक वेळा कुटुंबातील सदस्यांच्या किंवा नातेवाइकांच्या लक्षात येते. जसे की, रुग्ण आरामात बसून टीव्ही पाहत आहे. रुग्णाच्या मुलाला हातांमध्ये कंप दिसते! तो म्हणतो: बाबा!! तुमचे हात थरथर का कापत आहेत?? माझ्या क्लिनिकमध्ये असे मला वारंवार ऐकायला मिळते. हे आहे “विश्राम कंपन” किंवा “रेस्ट ट्रेमर”. हेच आहे पार्किंसंसचे कंपन. पार्किंसंसच्या कंपनाचे आणखी एक उदाहरण पाहण्यासाठी, खाली दिलेला व्हिडिओ पाहा. तुम्ही पाहू शकता की या व्यक्तीला जास्त कंपन होत आहे. Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi जाणून घेण्याचे पहिले पाऊल म्हणजे पार्किंसंसची कंपने ओळखणे. कंपनांव्यतिरिक्त, पार्किंसंसच्या इतर लक्षणांविषयी जाणून घेणेदेखील आवश्यक आहे. ही लक्षणे पुढीलप्रमाणे आहेत: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZZ4Vf3HinA२. हालचाली मंदावणे (ब्रॅडी-कायनेसिया, Bradykinesia): Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi जाणून घ्या साठी त्याचे अझून एक महत्वाचे लक्षण माहिती असणे महत्वाचे आहे: रुग्णाचे चालणे-फिरणे मंदावते! असे झाल्यास, कधीकधी नातेवाईक याचा चुकीचा अर्थ काढतात. कधीकधी रुग्णाचे नातेवाईक मला येऊन सांगतात: आई आता खूपच आळशी बनली आहे! एकाच ठिकाणी बसून राहते! याला आळस मुळीच समजू नका. हे पार्किंसंसचे लक्षण आहे. या लक्षणाला हळूपणा, किंवा इंग्रजीमध्ये “ब्रॅडी-कायनेसिया” असे म्हणतात. पार्किंसंसचे रुग्ण सहसा पुढे वाकून चालतात. ते हळूहळू चालतात. दिशा बदलताना ते कधीकधी जागच्या जागी थांबून राहतात, आणि पावले पुढे टाकू शकत नाहीत. अशा प्रकारे चालण्याचा हा व्हिडिओ पाहा: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFLC9C-xH8E&t=99s३. स्नायूंचा घट्टपणा (रिजिडिटी, Rigidity) हाता-पायाचे स्नायू घट्ट होतात. कधीकधी हातपाय इतके घट्ट होऊन जातात की हालचाल करणे देखील कठीण असते. बहुतेक वेळा रुग्ण स्वतःच अशा प्रकारच्या ताठरपणाबद्दल तक्रार करतो. अनेकदा रुग्ण मला असे सांगतात: डॉक्टर या बाजूचा हात आणि पाय दोन्ही जड वाटतात. चालताना पाय उचलायला त्रास होतो! हातांमधील ताठरपणामुळे तुम्हाला तुमचे केस करणेदेखील कठीण वाटू शकते. पार्किंसंस रोगाच्या लक्षणांपैकी ही तीन लक्षणे सर्वात महत्त्वाची आहेत. पण, पार्किंसंसच्या लक्षणांबद्दल तुम्हाला जर आणखी तपशीलवारपणे जाणून घ्यायचे असेल, तर येथे क्लिक करा [पार्किंसंस रोगाची लक्षणे]. अपॉइंटमेंट बुक करा पार्किन्सन्स, डोकेदुखी, चक्कर येणे किंवा नसांशी संबंधित त्रास? योग्य निदान आणि उपचार मिळवा.  Cause of Parkinson’s disease in Marathi — पार्किंसंस रोगाची कारणे Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi किंवा पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ जाणून घेण्यासाठी पार्किंसंस रोगाची कारणे माहीत असणे आवश्यक आहे. तर मग, पार्किंसंस होग का होतो? पार्किंसंस रोगाची कारणे कोणती आहेत? चला तर जाणून घेऊ या. आपल्या मेंदूमध्ये अनेक भाग आहेत. हे भाग एकमेकांशी विद्युत प्रवाह आणि रासायनिक पदार्थांद्वारे संपर्क साधतात. आपल्या मेंदूच्या मागील बाजूला एक खास भाग असतो. याला मिडब्रेन (मध्यमेंदू) म्हणतात. मिडब्रेन एका खास रासायनिक पदार्थाची निर्मिती करतो. या खास रासायनिक पदार्थाचे नाव आहे डोपामीन. सामान्यत:, मिडब्रेनमध्ये निर्माण झालेला डोपामीन मेंदूच्या समोरील भागांमध्ये जातो. तेथे डोपामीन मेंदूच्या समोरील भागांना उत्तेजित करतो. मेंदूमध्ये जे लाल रंगात दिसत आहे त्याला मिडब्रेन म्हणतात. मिडब्रेन डोपामीनची निर्मिती करून मेंदूच्या समोरील भागांमध्ये पाठवतो. लाल रंगाच्या भागाला मिडब्रेन म्हणतात. तिकडे डोपामिन बनवले जाते, आणि ते मेंदूच्या पुढच्या भागांना पुरवले जाते. मग, मेंदूचे समोरील भाग माणसांना चालण्या-फिरण्यात मदत करतात. जेव्हा या समोरील भागांचे कार्य बरोबर असते, तेव्हा माणूस झटपट हालचाल करू शकतो. तो कोठेच धडपडत नाही, आणि त्याच्या हातापायांमध्ये कंपनदेखील होत नाही. पार्किंसंस रोगामध्ये मिडब्रेनचे कार्य प्रभावित होते. ते कमी प्रमाणात डोपामीन बनवते. असे का होते, हे जगात कोणीही अचूकपणे सांगू शकत नाही. काही लोकांमध्ये हे आनुवंशिक कारणांमुळे होऊ शकते. पण, बहुतेक लोकांमध्ये मिडब्रेनचे कार्य का प्रभावित होते याचे कारण शोधूनही सापडत नाही. पार्किंसंसमध्ये मिडब्रेनच्या पेशी मरून जातात, आणि त्यामुळे डोपामीनचे प्रमाण कमी होते. मिडिब्रुईन पासून येणारे डोपामिन कमी झाल्या मुले पार्किंसंस ची लक्षणं होतात. जेव्हा डोपामीनचे प्रमाण कमी होते, तेव्हा मेंदूच्या समोरील बाजूच्या भागांचे कार्य मंदावते. माणसाच्या हालचाली मंद होतात. त्याच्या हातांमध्ये कंपन होते. त्याचे शरीर ताठऱ बनते. डॉक्टर याच आजाराला पार्किंसंस असे म्हणतात. Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi आता तुम्हाला कळले असेल… अपॉइंटमेंट बुक करा कंप, झटके, स्मरणशक्ती कमी होणे किंवा इतर न्यूरोलॉजिकल समस्या जाणवत आहेत का? तज्ज्ञ उपचार उपलब्ध आहेत. Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi — पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ तर मग, आतापर्यंत केलेल्या चर्चेवरून तुम्हाला Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi — पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ चांगल्या रीतीने समजला असेल. पण फक्त Parkinson’s disease meaning in Marathi — पार्किंसंसचा अर्थ माहीत असणे पुरेसे नाही. Parkinson’s meaning in Marathi समजण्यासाठी तिसरी गोष्ट समजून घेणे गरजेचे आहे, आणि ती गोष्ट म्हणजे, पार्किंसंस रोगाच्या उपचाराबद्दल जाणून घेणे. Parkinson’s disease meaning

अगर आपको पार्किंसंस रोग है, तो जरूर आपको Parkinson’s disease meaning in Hindi (पार्किंसंस का अर्थ) पता होना चाहिए! मगर सच पूछिए तो सभी को ये पार्किंसंस के लक्षण पता होने चाहिए. कई बुज़ुर्ग लोगों को ये लक्षण होते है, मगर इनको नज़रअंदाज़ किया जाता है. ये अफ़सोस की बात है. अगर आप सच में Parkinson’s disease meaning in Hindi (पार्किंसंस का अर्थ) जानेंगे, तो आप जानेंगे के पार्किंसंस का उपचार संभव है. पार्किंसंस का अर्थ पूरी तरह समझने के लिए हमे ३ चीज़े जननी होगी: १. पार्किंसंस रोग के ३ मुख्य लक्षण है: पार्किंसंस रोग के लक्षण १ . हाथ-पांव की कंपन २ . सभी कार्य, जैसे चलने-फिरने में धीमापन ३ . हाथ-पांव में जकड़न या सख्तपन २. पार्किंसंस के २ मुख्या उपचार है : पार्किंसंस की दवाइयां दवाइयां। पार्किंसंस के नए उपचार (डीप-ब्रेन-स्टिमुलेशन -DBS और स्टेम-सेल थेरेपी) ३. इन दो चीज़ों के साथ जानेंगे, पार्किंसंस रोग का कारण. पार्किंसंस का अर्थ जानने के लिए, इसके ४ पहेलु जानना जरूरी है. मैं डॉ सिद्धार्थ खरकर, ठाणे में एक न्यूरोलॉजिस्ट (Neurologist in Thane) हूं। मैं मुंबई में एक न्यूरोलॉजिस्ट (Neurologist in Mumbai) के रूप में भी काम करता हूं। मैं पार्किंसंस का उपचार प्रदान करता हूं और भारत में मिर्गी विशेषज्ञ हूं (Epilepsy specialist in India)। मैं भारत में मिर्गी की सर्जरी (Epilepsy surgery in India) और भारत में पार्किंसंस की सर्जरी प्रदान करता हूं। आइये पार्किंसंस का अर्थ [Parkinson’s disease meaning in Hindi] समझते है: Tremor of Parkinson’s disease in Hindi – पार्किंसंस की कंपन पार्किंसंस रोग के तीन मुख्य लक्षण जानना जरूरी है. पार्किंसंस रोग के लक्षण १ . हाथ-पांव की कंपन २ . सभी कार्य, जैसे चलने-फिरने में धीमापन ३ . हाथ-पांव में जकड़न या सख्तपन आइये, पाहिले पार्किंसंस की कंपन के बारे में बात करते है. १. कंपन (ट्रेमर, Tremor) हाथ में कंपन के कई कारन हो सकते है. सारे कारन जाने के लिए यहाँ दबाए. पर यहाँ हम सिर्फ पार्किंसंस की कंपन के बारे में बात करेंगे. पार्किंसंस से होने वाली कंपन जब आप आराम से बैठे हो तब भी होती है. ये उसकी ख़ास बात है. इसिलए पार्किंसंस की कंपन को “आराम की कंपन” या अंग्रेजी में “रेस्ट ट्रेमोर (rest tremor)” भी कहते है. पार्किंसंस से होने वाली हाथों की कम्पन देखने के लिए, निचे वाला वीडियो चलाए: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e532YW-Zwf0&t=5s पार्किंसंस की कंपन हाथो में नहीं, बल्कि पैरों में या सर में भी हो सकती है. अक्सर पार्किंसंस की कंपन रिश्तेदारों को ध्यान में आती है. सोचो मरीज़ टीवी देख रहा हो, और आराम से बैठा हो. तो बेटे को हाथ में कंपन दिखाई देती है! वह बोलता है: ” बाबूजी !! आपके हाथ में कंपन क्यों है ?? “ ये कहानी मुझे बार-बार अपने क्लिनिक में सुनने मिलती है. ये है “आराम की कंपन” या “रेस्ट ट्रेमोर”. यही है पार्किंसंस की कंपन. पार्किंसंस की कंपन का एक और उधारण देखने निचे वाला वीडियो चलाये. आप देखेंगे के इस व्यक्ति को ज़्यादा कंपन है. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZZ4Vf3HinA Parkinson’s disease meaning in Hindi जानने की पहिली कड़ी है, पार्किंसंस की कंपन को पहचानना. Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in Hindi – पार्किंसन रोग के लक्षण कंपन के आलावा, अन्य पार्किंसंस के लक्षण जानना भी जरूरी है.  ये लक्षण है: २. धीमापन (ब्रेडी-कयनेसिआ, Bradykinesia): मरीज़ का चलना-फिरना धीमा हो जाता है. कभी-कभी रिश्तेदार इसका गलत अर्थ लगाते है. कभी-कभी रिश्तेदार मुझसे आके कहते है: ” माँ जी अब बहोत आलसी हो गयी है! एक ही जगह पर बैठी रहती है! “ ये आलस बिलकुल नहीं है. ये पार्किंसंस के लक्षण है. इस लक्षण को धीमापन, या फिर अंग्रेजी में “ब्रेडी-कयनेसिआ” कहते है. पार्किंसन के मरीज़ अक्सर आगे झुककर चलते है. वो धीमे चलते है. दिशा बदलते वक़्त कभी कभी वह ज़मीन से चिपक जाते है, और कदम आगे नहीं बढ़ा सकते. इस तरह की चलने के तकलीफे दर्शाने वाला ये वीडियो देखे: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFLC9C-xH8E&t=100s३. सख्तपन (रिगिडीटी, Rigidity) मरीज़ के हाथ पेअर सख्त हो जाते है. कभी कभी वो इतने सख्त हो जाते है के उनको हिलाना मुश्किल हो जाता है. अक्सर मरीज़ खुद इस सख्तपन के बारे में शिकायत करता है. मुझसे मरीज़ अक्सर कहते है: ” डॉक्टर इस बाज़ू का हाथ और पैर दोनों ही बहोत भारी-भारी लगते है. चलते हुए पेअर उठाने में तकलीफ होती है! “ हाथों या बाज़ुओं के सख्तपन की वजह से बाल सवर्ण आपके लिए मुश्किल हो सकता है.पार्किंसंस रोग के लक्षण की बात करे, तो ये तीन लक्षण सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है. पर पार्किंसंस के लक्षण विस्तार में जानने के लिए यहाँ दबाए [पार्किंसंस रोग के लक्षण]. Cause of Parkinson’s disease in Hindi – पार्किंसंस रोग का कारण Parkinson’s disease meaning in Hindi या पार्किंसंस का अर्थ जानने के लिए, पार्किंसंस रोग का कारण पता होना जरूरी है. तो फिर पार्किंसंस रोग क्यों होता है? पार्किंसंस रोग का कारन क्या है? आइये जानते है. हमारा दिमाग के कई भाग होते है. ये भाग एक-दूसरे से इलेक्ट्रिसिटी और रसायनो के द्वारा बात करते है. हमारे दिमाग के पिछले वाले हिस्से में एक ख़ास भाग होता है. इसे मिडब्रेन कहते है. मिडब्रेन एक ख़ास रसायन बनता है. इस खास रसायन का नाम है डोपामाइन. आम तोर पे, मिडब्रेन में बना हुआ डोपामाइन दिमाग के आगे वाले हिस्सों में जाता है. वहां डोपामाइन दिमाग के आगे वाले हिस्सों को उत्तेजित करता है. जो लाल रंग में है, दिमाग के उस भाग को मिड-ब्रेन कहते है. मिडब्रेन डोपामिन बनाकर दिमाग के आगे वाले हिस्सों में भेजता है. फिर दिमाग के आगे वाले हिस्से आदमी को चलने-फिरने में मदत करते है. इन आगे वाले हिस्सों का काम जब सही हो, तो आदमी तेज़ी से चल-फिर सकता है. वो कहीं पे अटकता भी नहीं है, और उसके हाट में कंपन भी नहीं होती. पार्किंसंस की बीमारी में मिडब्रेन का काम ख़राब हो जाता है. वो कम डोपामाइन बनता है. ऐसा क्यों होता है, ये ठीक से दुनिया में कोई नहीं जानता. थोड़े लोगो में ये अनुवांशिक या genetic समस्यों के कारन ऐसा हो सकता है. मगर ज़्यादातर लोगो में ढूंढ़ने पर भी मिडब्रेन का काम ख़राब होने कोई कारण नहीं मिलता. पार्किंसंस में मिडब्रेन के पेशियाँ मर जाती है, और डोपामिन की मात्रा काम हो जाती है. जब डोपामाइन की मात्रा काम होती है, तो